Best Substitutes for All-Purpose Flour
The right substitute depends on what the flour is doing — structure, thickening, or coating.
Best overall swap
Whole wheat flour
7/8 cup per 1 cup AP flourDenser and nuttier; best mixed 50/50 with AP flour in baked goods to avoid a heavy result.
All Substitutes for All-Purpose Flour
Whole wheat flour
7/8 cup per 1 cup AP flourDenser and nuttier; best mixed 50/50 with AP flour in baked goods to avoid a heavy result.
Gluten-free 1:1 baking blend
1:1Purpose-built to swap directly into most recipes; results vary by brand.
Cornstarch (for thickening only)
1 tbsp cornstarch per 2 tbsp flourOnly for sauces and gravies, not baking — cornstarch has no structure-building gluten.